PhragmÃ©n's Method

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PhragmÃ©n's Method is a proportional method that works without lists.

In 2002 there was a thread on the EM mailing list with subject "D'Hondt without lists" mentioning the PhragmÃ©n method.

Sketch of method:


 * Voters vote for multiple candidates. The ballot is unordered
 * Each elected candidate has a load of 1 which is distributed among his voters.
 * The load of a candidate is not distributed evenly among its N voters, but rather such that each of the candidate's voters end up with the same cumulated load.
 * The candidates are elected iteratively - in each step electing the one that results in the most even distribution of load (i.e. minimal load on the voter with the highest load - minmax)

In the case of 1 candidate to be elected, PhragmÃ©ns method degenerates to Approval voting (because the candidate resulting in the minimal load on each voter is the one with most voters to share the load).